Task-based Language Teaching

In 1976,Wikins divided two types of syllabi:synthetic syllabic and  analytic syllabic. However, we will focus on analytic syllabic because TBLT falls into this category. The main difference among synthetic syllabic and analytic is that the second one is composed of tasks, not a sequence of linguistic items. The task is the most important vehicle that teacher use to get an effective learning and teaching process.There are variety of tasks but teacher is the responsable to stablish what focuses use, and this depends on students' needs and level of learners. TBLT also has certain principles or characteristics which these identify it.The first principle is the lesson plan and its parts, this should have three important components such as:pre-task, during the task, and post-task. These will develop different skills that sometimes teacher does not take account, for instance the logical thinking process necessary to complete the task. Another characteristic is reformulating and recasting what students have said, teacher use the the correct target language.For this reason, it is important that teacher provides good models of the target language. Moreover, the jigsaw task permmits that students can figure out it, interacting and communicating with their classmates. Also, 'Listen-and-doing' task is another significant principle, this promotes acquisition of new vocabulary and provides a good model for grammatical form.At this moment, we could analyze its principles, now we will see its interesting techniques.

-Information gap task:is the vehicle to exchange information among the learners.

-Opinion gap task:feelings, opinions, emotions, personal preferences are take account to complet the task.

-Reasoning gap task:student might derive some new information, by inferring it from information they have already been given.

-Unfocused task:provides opportunities for communicating in general way.

-Focused task: also provides opportunities for communicating but using some specific linguistic item.

-Input providing task:focuses on reading and listening.

-Output providing task: emphasizes on speaking and writing.

In conclusion, TBLT is an efficient method that teachers could implement into their class. Promoting an confortable social environment where students interact and share their feelings though the assigned task.